Addition

a) rewrite fractions with common denominator
b) add the numerators
c) keep the denominator
d) add the whole numbers (if necessary)
e) reduce or simplify if necessary

Subtraction

a) rewrite fractions with a common denominator
b) borrow from whole number(s) if necessary
c) subtract the numerators
d) reduce if necessary

Multiplication

a) convert mixed numbers into improper fraction
b) cross reduce
c) multiply the numerators
d) multiply the denominators
e) reduce your answer if necessary
f) turn improper fraction back into mixed number if necessary

Division

a) change mixed numbers to fractions
b) invert (flip) the second fraction
c) cross reduce
d) multiply the numerators
e) multiply the denominators
f) reduce your answer if necessary
g) turn improper fraction back into mixed number if necessary